effect of small intestine strangulation obstruction on clinical and histopathological parameters an experimental study in donkeys

to study clinical and histopathological changes occur within the first 12 hours of strangulating obstruction of the small intestine in equine, twenty five adult donkeys were used in an experimental study. strangulation obstruction of the small intestine was performed for 3, 6, 9 and 12 hours, respectively. clinical examination was done before surgery and at 3 hours intervals postoperatively. after euthanasia, histopathological examination was made 10 cm, 1, 2 and 3 meters proximal to the strangulated part. three hours postoperatively, the animals began to show signs of abdominal pain, they were looking around, stamping the hind feet, falling down suddenly. nine hours postoperatively, animals showed signs of depression with intermittent nervous movements in the form of circle movement. after 12 hours, the animals were lying down; there were a significant reduction in the body temperature, respiratory rate, pulse rate, heart rate with significant increase in capillary refill time. macroscopic changes of the strangulated part were congestion, edema, and dark red discoloration of the intestinal wall and mesentery. distension of the intestine proximal to the strangulation extended more with increase the period of strangulation. microscopic examination showed showed severe congestion, dark brown to blackish discoloration with fibrous shreds on the strangulated segment. peticheal hemorrhages were observed in the intestinal wall and its mesentery for a distance up to 3 meters. the severity of signs varies according to the duration of obstruction which could give a remarkable justification of the prognosis of the patient and the availability of treatment.